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Seal of Richard I, 1193


From: Le costume au moyen âge, d'après les sceaux by Germain Demay, 1880. Source

Counter Seal of Richard I, 1195


From: Historial de Vendée - Les Lucs-sur-Boulogne, France. Source



Referenced on pp.62-3, Arms and Armour of the Crusading Era, 1050-1350, Western Europe and the Crusader States by David Nicolle
136 Reverse of the First Seal of King Richard I, England, 1189-99
(British Library, Dept. of Seals, London, England)

By the late 12th century the sword clearly tapers, and has very long quillons and a diamond-shaped pommel. The helmet seems taller and may have been round rather than conical. The mail hauberk also includes mittens.

2nd Seal of Richard I


From: Makers of History, Richard I. By JACOB ABBOTT, WITH ENGRAVINGS, 1902. Source



A Frankish knight in Armies and Enemies of the Crusades 1096-1291 by Ian Heath, based on the seals of Richard I
Other 12th century illustrations of costume and soldiers










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