Illustrations of late 14th century Italian Soldiers in
a Latin Translation of Al-taghvim al-seha'at by Ibn Butlan
fol. 93v, Combat

Bibliothèque nationale de France, Département des Manuscrits, Division occidentale Cote : Nouvelle acquisition latine 1673 Auteur, titre : ibn butlân, taqwim es siha (trad. anonyme) Titre d'usage : tacuinum sanitatis Nom de pays : italie Origine : pavie ou milan Siècle : 14ème siècle Date : vers 1390-1400 Artiste :

National Library of France, Manuscripts Department, Western Division Code : New Latin Acquisition 1673 Author, title : Ibn Butlan, Al-taghvim al-seha'at (translator unknown) Common title : Tacuinum Sanitatis Country name : Italy Origin : Pavia or Milan Century : 14th century Date : between 1390-1400 Artist : unknown

Source: BnF Mandragore

Ibn Butlan (1038-1075) was an Arab Nestorian Christian physician who was active in Baghdad during the Islamic Golden Age.

He wrote the Taqwim al-Sihhah (The Maintenance of Health). The work treated matters of hygiene, dietetics, and exercise. It emphasized the benefits of regular attention to the personal physical and mental well-being. The continued popularity and publication of this medieval text of Middle Eastern origin into the sixteenth century is thought to demonstrate the influence that Arabic culture had on early modern Europe. One of his Greek sources was Dioscorides.